The biosynthesis of fatty acids in rat liver.
نویسنده
چکیده
During the past several years, remarkable progress has been made in elucidating biological fatty acid oxidation, and it is now clearly established that the oxidation of acyl CoA’ derivatives proceeds in the mitochondria (1) in a stepwise manner (2, 3) by a series of reactions closely resembling the hypothetical route proposed by Knoop. However, the biosynthesis of fatty acids has been less well understood. It has been postulated (2) that the synthetic process occurs by reversal of the oxidative sequence of reactions. Furthermore, it has been assumed that both breakdown and synthesis occur at the same intracellular site, the mitochondrion. This viewpoint was strengthened by the observation of Dituri and Gurin (4) that fatty acid synthesis could be observed in particle-free extracts of liver which contained as one component an aqueous extract of mitochondria. However, two possible shortcomings were apparent in this concept. In the first place, it was not found possible to demonstrate conversion of acetyl CoA to butyryl CoA by recombination of the purified oxidative enzymes from mitochondria unless a leuco dye of low potential was employed as the reductant in the conversion of crotonyl CoA to butyryl CoA (5). Secondly, although it is well known that DPNH is specifically required as the reductant in the ,8-hydroxyacyl dehydrogenase reaction2 (7), it is probable that under physiological circumstances the ratio of DPNH to DPN is so low in mitochondria (8, 9) that reductive synthetic processes requiring DPNH would not be favored. In this paper will be presented evidence which indicates that fatty acid synthesis occurs in the soluble cytoplasmic portion of the rat liver cell. The cofactor requirements and probable enzymatic pathway of this synthetic process will be presented and discussed. A preliminary account of this work has appeared (10).
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ورودعنوان ژورنال:
- The Journal of biological chemistry
دوره 226 2 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 1957